Recently, the Poultry Virus Disease Monitoring, Early Warning and Prevention and Control Team of SHVRI CAAS summarized the different mechanisms of peroxisomes in the interaction between viruses and mammalian cells, focusing on the peroxisome-mediated effects of viruses on of innate immunity, lipid metabolism, redox balance, and the regulation of peroxisomal biogenesis and degradation. In-depth study of the interaction between peroxisomes and viruses provides new ideas for the development of new antiviral strategies. A related review article was published in “Antiviral Research”.

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play a critical role in the oxidative metabolism of lipids and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although research on the interaction between viruses and peroxisomes has progressed relatively slowly compared with classic organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, due to the special functions of peroxisomes, in recent years, peroxisomes have its role in viral infection has been relatively extensively studied. Peroxisomes can play a wide range of antiviral roles as signaling hubs that regulate innate immunity and redox reaction balance. In the long-term interaction with the host, viruses have also evolved different strategies to evade the antiviral function of peroxisomes. Such strategies include: (1) Regulates peroxisomal biosynthesis and degradation; (2) Targeting and inhibiting innate immune molecules that located peroxisome; (3) Exploiting peroxisome-associated lipid metabolism to promote viral replication; (4) Regulating peroxisome-mediated redox balance, etc. Overall, although various evidences indicate that peroxisomes play an important role in viral infection and pathogenesis, the specific mechanisms, such as how viruses regulate the biosynthesis and degradation of peroxisomes, and the location of viral components are still unclear. Questions such as what biological functions peroxisomes exhibit have not yet been elucidated. In-depth research on the interaction mechanism between viruses and peroxisomes can provide important ideas for the development of new antiviral drugs and vaccines.

Mechanisms by which viruses regulate multiple functions of peroxisomes